Diabetes mellitus is a chronic endocrinological disease characterized by an increased sugar (glucose) content in the blood.
Glucose is the main source of energy for our body. Carbohydrates must be present in the composition of food. Once in the digestive system, complex carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which is distributed through the bloodstream throughout the body. The hormone insulin is responsible for the process of removing glucose from the blood and its absorption by muscle tissue (or deposition in the form of glycogen in adipose tissue). If these metabolic processes are disrupted, glucose accumulates in the blood, causing diabetes mellitus.